Biomicroscopy

The biomicroscope, or slit lamp, is a vital tool in the examination process. It is a special microscope used with a high-intensity light source that can be focused to shine as a slit or left unfocused to provide general illumination. Doctors use the slit lamp to see the different parts of the eye in extensive detail.

During the slit-lamp examination, the doctor looks at structures that are at the front of the eye (the anterior segment): the eyelid, the sclera (white outer structure of the eye), conjunctiva (membranes lining the eyelid and sclera surface), iris (colored part of the eye), natural crystalline lens, and the cornea (thin transparent membrane that covers the iris and the lens).

Certain corneal diseases as well as cataracts and other conditions of the eyes can be detected during this part of the comprehensive examination. The slit-lamp is also used to examine the retina, requiring the use of a special hand-held lens to focus light into the back of the eye.

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